Reddit reviews Introduction to Physical Oceanography

Hey, Ocean Engineer here. I took a look at the topics and sample questions for the bowl..you've definitely got your work cut out for you!
Here's two books that I've used during my studies:

Introduction to Physical Oceanography by Knauss

Ocean Energy Conversion by McCormick

Both will give you a great overview of physical aspects of the ocean (currents, tides, wave mechanics, flow, seafloor, interactions with a variety of surfaces, etc) and the second will give you information about technology and renewable energy (definitely a hot topic). They are also both incredibly reasonably priced considering they are textbooks.

It's tough to point you to any one resource that would cover a variety of those topics, but a great resource all things ocean related is Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. On their website they have a section called Ocean Topics and covers just about every topic on the Bowl's list, with links to more references, news articles, and research papers.
http://www.whoi.edu/main/ocean-topics

Best of luck to your team, please come back and tell us how you do!