Reddit reviews Little Tyke: The True Story of a Gentle Vegetarian Lioness (Re-Quest Book)

You think animals don't have a conscience or morality? You may want to take a look at this

This

And also this that just warmed my heart today

For the record, not everyone was raised in the social environment that gave them an edge for taking things head on. I don't think it's fair of you to speak like you know how to solve everyone's problems and that they just need to toughen up. Their own coping mechanisms may just be the reason they continue on. As someone going into social work, I hope that you have an experience that broadens your views, in a way that I probably won't be able because hey, I'm just one stranger on the internet.

Have a good day~

I'll thank you for enforcing my inference that secularism is a magnet of some of the rudest, most arrogant people I've ever come across. I'm absolutely astounded as to how you expect me to take you or your tired masquerade seriously when not only have you failed to refute my worldview, but instead have to rely on tired polemics and question begging premises to even muster a response among a bombardment of petty insults. Regardless of our differences in worldviews, I must offer my contention that I feel sorry for anyone who feels the need to be the source of such vulgarity. Even if you think I'm wrong it's just simply disappointing that you fail to treat me like a proper human being.

You insist that the sources I provided are unsound because a few of them are uncited when the purpose of those articles is to serve the role of a historian; collect uncontroversial evidence that can easily be verified by a Google search and make an inference. The Wikipedia articles cites the inferences of experts and the scholar I linked demonstrated that the premises made by those experts are unsound. He thus refutes their inference. Simple.

I did neglect that /r/Creation is private, so I'll put /u/JoeCoder's comment here:

Dimensions and capacity of the ark:

1. Gen 6:15 says the ark was "three hundred cubits long, fifty cubits wide and thirty cubits high", which is 450 × 75 × 45 feet. 137x23x14 meters, or 44,144 cubic meters.
   
   
2. 240 adult sheep can fit (somewhat uncomfortably) on a boxcar. But the size of the average mammal, bird, reptile, and amphibian species are each significantly smaller than a sheep. And they could've been juveniles. So that would give 240 plenty of room to run and play.
   
   
3. Assuming image is of a 60-foot high-roof boxcar, the total dimensions are 61x10x13 feet. Or 18.5x2.9x4 meters which is 214.6 cubic meters.
   
   
4. 44,144 total cubic meters / 214.6 per boxcar = 205.7 boxcars. Times 240 sheep is room for 49,368 sheep.
   
   
5. The average sheep is 62kg, so that means roughly it can store 49,368 x 62 = 3,060,816 kg worth of animals.
   
   
6. Scale model of the ark, showing it's size.
   
   Which species:
   
   
7. Gen 7:14, "every animal after its kind, every creeping thing that creeps on the earth after its kind, and every bird after its kind, everything with wings." The word for "animal" is ובבהמה (be-hay-maw', Strong's 0929), which means a beast or large quadrupedal animal. "creeping thing" is הרמשׁ (remes, Strong's 07431), which means "a reptile or any other rapidly moving animal"
   
   
8. Gen 7:22, "Everything on dry land that had the breath of life in its nostrils died." The word for "breath" is נשמת (nesh-aw-maw', Strong's 05397), which can translate as "breath" or "intellect/soul". The NET footnote translates it, "everything which [has] the breath of the spirit of life in its nostrils"
   
   
9. Insects don't have "the breath of life" in their nostrils, since they don't have nostrils or lungs. They obsorb oxygen through spiracles. So do myriapods (centipedes, millipedes), although some arachnids have book lungs.
   
   Number of species and genera:
   
   
10. According to Body Size Distribution of the Dinosaurs, living species numbers are 10,000 bird, 8700 reptile, 6500 amphibian, 5488 mammal, and 32000 fish. Of those extinct there are 1350 dinosaur and 2034 cenozoic mammal species. The raw data in the supplemental materials indicates the number of genera: amphibian=236, reptile=841, dinosaur=275, bird=1993, mammal (excluding cetaceans)=2023, for a total of 5368 genera among tetrapods.
    
    
11. The OneZoom Tree of Life explorer lists 22,822 species among all tetrapods, with 5713 amphibians, 5025 mammals, 1835 lizards and snakes, 233 turtles, 23 crocodilians, and 9993 birds.
    
    
12. Wiki (citing the TOL project) says, "There are currently 1254 genera, 155 families, 29 orders, and exactly 5960 species of described Mammals"
    
    
13. Wiki lists 2153 genera of birds. This page puts it at 2217 and over 10,000 species.
    
    
14. Wiki puts the number of reptile species at about 10,000, with lizards and snakes constituting 9400.
    
    
15. The USGS notes there are 300 valid dinosaur genera, with most containing only one species.
    
    Why it makes sense to count genera and not species:
    
    
16. The most widely accepted definition of species is "groups of interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups." This puts geographically isolated but otherwise genetically identical organisms as different species.
    
    
17. Species can form rapidly as a genetically diverse population disperses and natural selection eliminates different alleles in each sub-population. For example, the genus rattus "currently consists of 137 species and is known to have originally developed in Indonesia and Malaysia during and prior to the Middle Ages". Noah should not be required to take species that don't yet exist.
    
    
18. The genera or possibly the family is the closest to the concept of a created kind in genesis. In most genera and some families creationists agree all members likely shared a common ancestor. For example, homo (sapiens, erectus, denisovan neandertal, florensis), pan (chimp and bonobo), equids (horse, donkey, zebra), panthera (tiger, lion, jaguar, leopard) etc. There is not a need to take eastern gray squirrels, western gray squirrels, and red squirrels (each a separate species) on the ark.
    
    
19. Speciation is primarily an act of geographic dispersion and selection filtering a diverse founding population into genetically distinct groups. Genetic drift often leads to reproductive incompatibility between them as mutations break compatibility between the different alleles. This process is fundamentally different than the hundreds of genes coding for novel proteins that separate the families and orders.
    
    Size of species:
    
    
20. The supplemental materials from Body Size Distribution of the Dinosaurs (PLOS One, 2012) provides the mass of every tetrapod species. If we take the average mass of each tetrapod genera, multiplied by the number on the ark and sum them, it comes to 2,301,307kg. or less than 1 million kg if juveniles were used, as a conservative over-estimate. Details here. That comes to 33% of the ark's capacity
    
    
21. Figure 2 shows the distribution of mass across various tetrapod clades.
    
    Insects/arachnids/myriapoda:
    
    
22. Estimates put the number of insect and arachnid species each at about 1 million, and 13,000 species of myriapoda. To give 2 million bugs a 5x5x5cm space would require 125cc x 2 million = 250 million cc or 250 cubic meters--about 0.6% of the ark's total volume.
    
    
23. But I don't think there's a need to put them on the ark, since they could survive on floating debris.
    
    Food storage space:
    
    
24. I own a year's supply of food from Emergency Essentials, in 10, 6-gallon buckets. Or 0.22 cubic meters.
    
    
25. Scaling that by the the total mass of all animals over the mass of a human: (1,000,000kg / 62kg x 0.22) gives 3548 cubic meters needed for food storage, or less than 8% of the ark's 44,144 m^3 volume. Or 32% for an extra 3 years of food after the voyage ends.
    
    
26. This is an over-estimate, since amphibians and reptiles have lower metabolisms. Some tortoises can go a year without eating or drinking.
    
    Water storage space:
    
    
27. An adult male human should optimally drink 3 liters of water/day, or 1095 liters per year, or 1.095 cubic meters. Scaling to all animals (1.095 x 1,000,000kg / 62kg) gives 17,661 cubic meters, or 40% of the ark's volume.
    
    
28. But it was raining and realistically a month's reserve would be sufficient. So 1471 cubic meters or 3% of the ark's volume.
    
    Food for carnivores:
    
    
29. Some carnivorous mammals have been known to take up entirely vegetarian lifestyles, including lions and canines
    
    
30. Giant tortoises are one option for meat eaters, since they can "survive up to a year without eating or drinking". This made them a favored food of pirates in the 16th and 17th century.
    
    So it seems possible to me. Using the numbers above our ark is 44% full. We still need room for ramps and passageways after all. And some stretch room of course."
    
    Your other claims are superfluous at best, completely irrelevant at worst.

> Elephants, birds, insects, dinosaurs... how?!

I don't identify as young earth creationist and am undecided about the flood (particularly because I know so little about geology), but I disagree that ark logistics can serve as a valid argument against it. I spent a Saturday afternoon a few weeks ago looking into it for myself and this is what I came up with. Copying from my notes:

Dimensions and capacity of the ark:

1. Gen 6:15 says the ark was "three hundred cubits long, fifty cubits wide and thirty cubits high", which is 450 × 75 × 45 feet. 137x23x14 meters, or 44,144 cubic meters.
   
2. 240 adult sheep can fit (somewhat uncomfortably) on a boxcar. But the size of the average mammal, bird, reptile, and amphibian species are each significantly smaller than a sheep. And they could've been juveniles. So that would give 240 plenty of room to run and play.
   
3. Assuming image is of a 60-foot high-roof boxcar, the total dimensions are 61x10x13 feet. Or 18.5x2.9x4 meters which is 214.6 cubic meters.
   
4. 44,144 total cubic meters / 214.6 per boxcar = 205.7 boxcars. Times 240 sheep is room for 49,368 sheep.
   
5. The average sheep is 62kg, so that means roughly it can store 49,368 x 62 = 3,060,816 kg worth of animals.
   
6. Scale model of the ark, showing it's size.
   
   Which species:
   
   
7. Gen 7:14, "every animal after its kind, every creeping thing that creeps on the earth after its kind, and every bird after its kind, everything with wings."
   The word for "animal" is ובבהמה (be-hay-maw', Strong's 0929), which means a beast or large quadrupedal animal.
   "creeping thing" is הרמשׁ (remes, Strong's 07431), which means "a reptile or any other rapidly moving animal"
   
8. Gen 7:22, "Everything on dry land that had the breath of life in its nostrils died."
   The word for "breath" is נשמת (nesh-aw-maw', Strong's 05397), which can translate as "breath" or "intellect/soul". The NET footnote translates it, "everything which [has] the breath of the spirit of life in its nostrils"
   
9. Insects don't have "the breath of life" in their nostrils, since they don't have nostrils or lungs. They obsorb oxygen through spiracles. So do myriapods (centipedes, millipedes), although some arachnids have book lungs.
   
   Number of species and genera:
   
   
10. According to Body Size Distribution of the Dinosaurs, living species numbers are 10,000 bird, 8700 reptile, 6500 amphibian, 5488 mammal, and 32000 fish. Of those extinct there are 1350 dinosaur and 2034 cenozoic mammal species. The raw data in the supplemental materials indicates the number of genera: amphibian=236, reptile=841, dinosaur=275, bird=1993, mammal (excluding cetaceans)=2023, for a total of 5368 genera among tetrapods.
    
11. The OneZoom Tree of Life explorer lists 22,822 species among all tetrapods, with 5713 amphibians, 5025 mammals, 1835 lizards and snakes, 233 turtles, 23 crocodilians, and 9993 birds.
    
12. Wiki (citing the TOL project) says, "There are currently 1254 genera, 155 families, 29 orders, and exactly 5960 species of described Mammals"
    
13. Wiki lists 2153 genera of birds. This page puts it at 2217 and over 10,000 species.
    
14. Wiki puts the number of reptile species at about 10,000, with lizards and snakes constituting 9400.
    
15. The USGS notes there are 300 valid dinosaur genera, with most containing only one species.
    
    Why it makes sense to count genera and not species:
    
    
16. The most widely accepted definition of species is "groups of interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups." This puts geographically isolated but otherwise genetically identical organisms as different species.
    
17. Species can form rapidly as a genetically diverse population disperses and natural selection eliminates different alleles in each sub-population. For example, the genus rattus "currently consists of 137 species and is known to have originally developed in Indonesia and Malaysia during and prior to the Middle Ages". Noah should not be required to take species that don't yet exist.
    
18. The genera or possibly the family is the closest to the concept of a created kind in genesis. In most genera and some families creationists agree all members likely shared a common ancestor. For example, homo (sapiens, erectus, denisovan neandertal, florensis), pan (chimp and bonobo), equids (horse, donkey, zebra), panthera (tiger, lion, jaguar, leopard) etc. There is not a need to take eastern gray squirrels, western gray squirrels, and red squirrels (each a separate species) on the ark.
    
19. Speciation is primarily an act of geographic dispersion and selection filtering a diverse founding population into genetically distinct groups. Genetic drift often leads to reproductive incompatibility between them as mutations break compatibility between the different alleles. This process is fundamentally different than the hundreds of genes coding for novel proteins that separate the families and orders.
    
    Size of species:
    
    
20. The supplemental materials from Body Size Distribution of the Dinosaurs (PLOS One, 2012) provides the mass of every tetrapod species. If we take the average mass of each tetrapod genera, multiplied by the number on the ark and sum them, it comes to 2,301,307kg. or less than 1 million kg if juveniles were used, as a conservative over-estimate. Details here. That comes to 33% of the ark's capacity
    
21. Figure 2 shows the distribution of mass across various tetrapod clades.
    
    Insects/arachnids/myriapoda:
    
    
22. Estimates put the number of insect and arachnid species each at about 1 million, and 13,000 species of myriapoda. To give 2 million bugs a 5x5x5cm space would require 125cc x 2 million = 250 million cc or 250 cubic meters--about 0.6% of the ark's total volume.
    
23. But I don't think there's a need to put them on the ark, since they could survive on floating debris.
    
    Food storage space:
    
    
24. I own a year's supply of food from Emergency Essentials, in 10, 6-gallon buckets. Or 0.22 cubic meters.
    
25. Scaling that by the the total mass of all animals over the mass of a human: (1,000,000kg / 62kg x 0.22) gives 3548 cubic meters needed for food storage, or less than 8% of the ark's 44,144 m^3 volume. Or 32% for an extra 3 years of food after the voyage ends.
    
26. This is an over-estimate, since amphibians and reptiles have lower metabolisms. Some tortoises can go a year without eating or drinking.
    
    Water storage space:
    
    
27. An adult male human should optimally drink 3 liters of water/day, or 1095 liters per year, or 1.095 cubic meters. Scaling to all animals (1.095 x 1,000,000kg / 62kg) gives 17,661 cubic meters, or 40% of the ark's volume.
    
28. But it was raining and realistically a month's reserve would be sufficient. So 1471 cubic meters or 3% of the ark's volume.
    
    Food for carnivores:
    
    
29. Some carniverous mammals have been known to take up entirely vegetarian lifestyles, including lions and canines
    
30. Giant tortoises are one option for meat eaters, since they can "survive up to a year without eating or drinking". This made them a favored food of pirates in the 16th and 17th century.
    
    So it seems possible to me. Using the numbers above our ark is 44% full. We still need room for ramps and passageways after all. And some stretch room of course.