Reddit reviews Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible
We found 69 Reddit comments about Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible. Here are the top ones, ranked by their Reddit score.
Marijuana Horticulture The Indoor Outdoor Medical Grower s Bible
Find out what he uses as his water source, if it's tap or he manually buys distilled/R/O water, consider getting him a 5 stage reverse osmosis filter, that one's $89 which is a very good deal imo.
As far as books go, this one from Greg Green is recommended by many, as well as this one by DJ Short, a decades long professional grower. Lastly is one of the most recommended books I see posted, by Jorge Cervantes.
Otherwise, I'd try to familiarize yourself with his setup, maybe take pictures if possible and I could try to suggest things you could buy as improvements :)
>The university says the courses will be geared to both home growers and those looking to get into the burgeoning commercial industry.
>
>He said the course will include growing basics, including lighting and irrigation systems, pest and disease management, and post-harvest curing and packaging.
This seems a bit too introductory to be very useful in industry. There's a huge difference between growing four plants in your closet using a soilless medium and forty-thousand plants in a greenhouse using hydroponics. I'd be interested in a course aimed at large scale commercial production. For home-based growers, save yourself some money and pick up a copy of Jorge Cervantes book.
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>Guelph will also offer a course in January about cannabis regulations and quality assurance.
Now this could be a bit more useful for those looking to get into the industry.
> How to you keep the smell under control?
If you have a look at the homebox diagrams you'll see that all air is pulled through whatever type of fan you have attached to the vent at the top. Attach a scrubber to an inline fan and you win.
> Do you use a cloning system?
No, but if I were interested in producing a shit ton I certainly would. I've toyed with setting up a veg room and a flower room to serve this purpose, but I never have.
> I'd like to do this in a way that I'd be able to produce about a ounce a month.
There are some excellent books and resources out there to help you get to that "perpetual harvest" you're talking about. Grasscity is absolutely amazing - full of grow journals, howtos, etc. Also I'd reccomend picking up Jorge Cervantes' Marijuana horticulture, it's got some excellent how-tos.
Jorge Cervantes' Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible.
It is an exhaustively researched, well-written book that covers all imaginable aspects of cannabis horticulture. I don't know if there's a more recent edition, but the only complaint I would have is that the one I have (now a few years old) doesn't cover the most recent advances in LED illumination.
Whatever you do, remember this. Cheap seeds almost universally means garbage genetics. Don't fall for pollen-chuckers like Crap King Seeds. Do your research, pay the extra coins, and get good DNA. Personally I'm a fan of Barney's farm, but there are MANY fine reputable breeders. Welcome to the club.
If you're a reading type, I highly recommend
https://www.amazon.ca/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X
Or his other book, marijuana basics. Jorge is the godfather of all growers in north America, working in the field since the early 70s. Directly responsible for introducing "sinsemilla" cannabis to us, which is why we don't need the garbage bags of pot our parents needed to get high in the 60s and 70s before his teachings spread.
You seem to have the ideal situation. Ive herd of growers using chimneys as vents with great results, so you may wanna do that. If not then you will need a carbon filter or something because flowering plants can make your entire house smell.
This is an oversimplification of everything but its the basics, IMHO the best investment you can make is this book. http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1291360227&sr=8-2
Get this book.
Jorge Ceventes may do some self serving, craptacular AMAs on Reddit but this book will have most all your answers.
btw here are the links if anyone wants… I recommend the Cannabis Grow Bible by Green first. It’s good for beginners. The Cervantes one might seem overwhelming for beginners.
http://www.amazon.com/The-Cannabis-Grow-Bible-Recreational/dp/1931160589/ref=pd_sim_b_2
http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=pd_sim_b_2
My favourite books about growing cannabis are:
These books are quite comprehensive. As you may already suspect, True Living Organics is primarily about building living, organic soil, and the techniques that the author uses to maintain the soil and maximize the quality of the end product.
The Cannabis Grow Bible covers all things related to growing cannabis, as well as producing extracts. Very comprehensive and an excellent tome for any grower to have, from wide-eyed novice to salty veteran.
I have an older edition of Marijuana Horticulture from the early 2000s, and use it quite a bit less than the other two, but it was very useful to me when I was starting out. I would recommend The Cannabis Grow Bible first and foremost, however.
I hope this helps! Don't get overwhelmed by all the information out there; best thing I can recommend is to pop a few seeds and just give it a go. Don't let your inner perfectionist prevent you from attaining perfection through time and experience!
Ed Rosenthal's Marijuana Growers Handbook is good. It has quite a lot of info, though only a passing reference to autoflowers, and I find it a bit strangely organized at times. Quite a bit of the info will apply to autos, so you might want to pick up this one and then supplement by reading about autos here, on Autoflower.net, and/or with the Lowenfels book in the next paragraph.
Jeff Lowenfels just released DIY Autoflowering Cannabis: An Easy Way to Grow Your Own, which is specifically about growing autos. It's written for a gardening audience, someone who might be used to growing tomatoes or other flowers and is curious about branching out to cannabis. It will probably be helpful, though if you have zero gardening experience it may gloss over some fundamentals, and defers to other sources (such as the Ed Rosenthal book) for some details that aren't auto-specific. It has a lot of breadth, but less depth than I'd hoped -- though I'd already done obsessive research into autos, and I'm not really his target audience.
Jorge Cervantes has Marijuana Horticulture and Marijuana Grow Basics. The latter is a more beginner-friendly and slightly updated subset of the former, though it doesn't have anything about outdoor growing. These also have a lot of info, and could substitute for the Ed Rosenthal book, though they're showing their age a bit.
cart_crasher recommended the Mephisto Grow Guide. That's pretty short, but has some helpful auto-specific suggestions. Probably a good supplement to one of the other books. (I've also been really happy with their autos.)
People will probably recommend Grow Weed Easy (a website), but it's been wrong about enough things that I don't trust it. I'll leave it at that.
Definitely purchase http://www.amazon.co.uk/Marijuana-Horticulture-outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X that book, i bought it and it covers everything, been my best mate ever since :). Although it is sometimes good to get reassurance from experienced growers.
https://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8
You can browse r/microgrowery and r/spacebuckets.
I recommend you get a copy of Jorge Cervantes' Marijuana Horticulture. He's been updating and revising this for more than 30 years, so it's very comprehensive. It can take you from how to get started all the way up to how to grow top shelf buds. The ebook is $10USD; put that on your phone, and you'll have it as a reference for life.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kO6GhtrgxJ8&feature=c4-overview&playnext=1&list=TLvZ8Qg1uyzSA
Watch all three parts. Also get his book, http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_1/180-5748622-0703640?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1372344635&sr=1-1
I think Jorge is the easiest to learn from. Apparently he isnt a grower but works closely with growers so he has pretty good advice.
If you want to take it up a notch you should also get Ed Rosenthals book http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Growers-Handbook-Complete-Cultivation/dp/0932551467/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1372344700&sr=1-1&keywords=ed+rosenthal
With these videos and books you should be able to really get a understanding of the reality of MMJ horticulture.
How do you think people end up learning? Why discourage new growers? That’s bullshit.
If he/she wants to learn, let them learn. I didn’t start a professional and neither did you. We learn from practice and good advice from other growers.
You learned from a good friend, as did I. But this is not everyones experience. Not everyone grows for profit, many just want to grow their own and get better. It’s a good hobby.
Edit: Fuck what these negative people say. It is way cheaper and more satisfying to grow your own. It’s expensive to start and buy the equipment initially but in the end is more satisfying. You will get better and eventually it’s way cheaper. It’s a good hobby and it always feels better smoking your own home grown. Yes it is a lot of work and practice but we all started from somewhere. Good luck man and happy growing. I’m an open book if you ever want help.
A good book to start with, the same one I did years ago...
https://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/187882323X/ref=mp_s_a_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1527692290&sr=8-1&pi=AC_SX236_SY340_QL65&keywords=jorge+cervantes&dpPl=1&dpID=61Bhi13dw%2BL&ref=plSrch
I highly recommend this book because it has literally everything in it that you need to know.
This is my go to for just about everything. I've read it too many times. Lol.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/187882323X/ref=mp_s_a_1_2?qid=1398092230&sr=8-2&pi=SY200_QL40
If you're serious about growing, get this immediately, it'll help a lot
http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X
First off, I FUCKIN LOVE TPB! It's more real than you might now. http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=la_B002BM1OFU_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1346345079&sr=1-1 this is a good book, but ive read about 10 and watched countless youtube videos and talked for hours with other growers.
It took at least a year and 3 runs to really get it down.
I eat lots of burgers and steak, also love mexican and thia.
I love to listen to any classic rock, i love 90's west coast hip hop. death row is in the house but ill listen to anything but pop.
https://www.amazon.com/dp/187882323X/_encoding=UTF8?coliid=I2SLJ1RXOZSCEY&colid=3CUUR2Y01URD2&psc=0
Just into reading this book recently fairly easy to follow through and has lots of pictures to help identify the issues of the plant and a lot of is easy reading
His 'secret' isn't what he knows so much as his entire attitude to learning.
What sets 'experts' apart is that at some level they question everything instead of taking it at face value. Questioning something forces you to really think about it: you have to turn the idea around a few times and examine it from all angles. You can't help but gain an understanding of the reasons for something - not just of the thing itself. Teaching others works in a similar way - being able to clearly explain an idea requires deep understanding.
It sounds condescending, but that really is what it comes down to - curiosity and critical thought.
Nothing we deal with requires more than a high school knowledge of science - for example, while you need to know that light levels and frequencies affect photosynthesis, you don't need to know the exact quantum/biochemical processes involved. You might be curious though, so it becomes a new avenue for you to research - and what you find out might change what you thought you knew, or might lead you on to new things.
Think about what you don't know that you wish you did - and then go try and find it out. Who knows what else you'll discover in the process?
Now, as for some specific learning sources - for the basics you're looking at things like Jorge Cervante's classic Indoor/Outdoor Medical Growers Bible. Beyond that, there's Reddit - eg SAG's own /r/HandsOnComplexity (googling everything you don't understand) - or some kind of introduction to Botany - the Botany For Dummies book is pretty good. College classes might also be an option.
There isn't a huge amount of current scientific research material - largely due to the War On Drugs making it less attractive. That said, if you go back a way it does exist and is now being reprinted - for example Michael Stark's Marijuana Chemistry and Robert Clarke's Marijuana Botany. Both were originally printed back in the 70s, but were fairly extensively researched. They are dated in places - but the scientific rigor was solid, and they both have wonderful bibliographies of research papers that I hadn't come across elsewhere. Newer papers can be found on Google Scholar. (As a general rule, trust scientific publications over books and books over unsourced websites.)
You can find all the info online, although if you are the kind of person that likes a physical book, https://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X is widely seen as a good book.
I started by reading these two books first. It gives you a nice solid foundation and makes reading information on the internet a lot easier.
Ed Rosenthal - Marijuana Grower's Handbook: Your Complete Guide for Medical and Personal Marijuana Cultivation
Jorge Cervantes - Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible
You can force the sex of seeds with temperature and nutrient manipulation. Tis in the Bible!
This has been one of my favorites so far. Filled with good knowledge and lots of pretty pictures.
/r/microgrowery is also filled with knowledgeable people.
Unfortunately no links. I read it in this book
https://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1511222536&sr=8-1&keywords=medical+marijuana+bible&dpID=61Bhi13dw%252BL&preST=_SY291_BO1,204,203,200_QL40_&dpSrc=srch
I read that flat white paint was the way to go. I would highly recommend that you read This book by Jorge Cervantes http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/187882323X/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o07_s02?ie=UTF8&psc=1I'm on my first grow and I learned a lot from reading this book and doing tons of research om line. My biggest decision was picking an LED light over a HPS sodium light. I based my final decision on the electric savings the LED has over the other bulbs, and the much lower heat output by the LED. Yes they cost more but will pay for themselves in a few grows just on the electric bill. I did start my clones off with a few CFL's in a powerstrip until I got my main cabinet up and running.
Read Jorge Cervante's book.
Cheap soil moisture sensors like this are on par with meat thermometers in terms of usefulness. Not necessary, but it totally eliminates uncertainty which I'm always a fan of.
Don't underestimate just how much the plants stink. You get used to it, so if smell is an issue invest in a carbon filter.
Less is more, don't nurture your plants TOO much, or you'll kill them.
buy this book
> Buy a good book on the subject and read up.
The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible by Jorge Cervantes is where it's at. Read that book front to back a couple times and then follow the steps outlined to a tee and you'll be growing like a pro in no time flat.
Yes, dont pee in your plant. Your gonna want to get her some fertilizer with a higher N to P&K . If i already lost you then if you already haven't and have go read the side bar. If you still think you can pee on your plant to fix N problems you got a very rough path ahead of you.
Also here is a quick link from the side bar under resource library on Nitrogen
Nitrogen
Now you should also get the Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible its the most opened book on my nook, it is in my opinion the greatest source of knowledge for growing other than various internet forums.
I suggest starting here /r/microgrowery wiki beginner guide
Located up top
/r/microgrowery wiki
Some helpful forums I visit often
http://forum.grasscity.com/medical-marijuana-cultivation/
http://www.rollitup.org/#grow-room
Great book. But a lot of those look like grow books. I see Jorge Cervante's book in that pile, one of my favorites. As well as Ed Rosenthal's growers handbook in the upper right corner
I remembered I have one of the most popular growing books as an eBook. Here is a link to download Ed Rosenthal's Marijuana Grower's Handbook. If you feel conflicted about pirating books you can buy it from Amazon also. The other really popular growing book, Jorge Cervantes Marijuana Horticulture, can be found here.
This one covers basically everything: [Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible] (https://www.amazon.com/dp/187882323X/ref=cm_sw_r_awd_CQSPwbBY4WAH5)
Edit: fixed link.
Jorge Cervantes Medical Grow Bible is the absolute best book I have ever read on the subject of cannabis. Ever.
sorry i didnt know the answers to the questions. it looks like you have done some research and have a good shopping list. you might conciser adding this book to your shopping list. its a pretty great book that explains alot.
I used this book ten years ago when I first started. Not sure how up to date it is today but it taught me everything I needed to know and more! It's a good price and well worth the money.
Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible https://www.amazon.com/dp/187882323X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_cQxuybJT8A5BT
Ya i will get the exact information from my brother he knows exactly what the bulbs are and i'll list them asap.
I recently bought this book http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X
It is packed with so much knowledge! Jorge Cervantes is like a legend lol. I've been reading about growing for a few days.. there is so much stuff to learn if you wanna grow a perfect plant.
Also, you best bet would be to spend $25 on amazon and order a copy of the Indoor Outdoor Growers Bible. Will update with a link.
Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible https://www.amazon.com/dp/187882323X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_wMIOybDHH81NB
the most complete book you'll find on the subject
hope you like reading, cuz you're gonna have to do a bunch...
hit up these forums and read all the stickies first, then look around some more:
rollitup
thcfarmer
get the ultimate Grow Bible once ya got the basics all making sense...
if you havent already, get ur 215 (duh).
fuck seeds, go to the dispensary and pick up some clones for $10-15.
if you really want to do it right, be prepared to spend $500+ AT LEAST (but the nutes/light/bunch stuff will be used for the next grow, so just think of it as an investment...)
don't worry too much about which strain you grow, but that being said some are harder than others...
just now finishing my first grow (woot) so i cant speak with too much authority, but the main thing is read read read read read those forums until youre sick of reading, then read some more. it's really not that hard to do if you're willing to put the time in. good luck :D
But this book and it answers every question you have. And gives you step by step instructions on how to grow.
https://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/187882323X/ref=mp_s_a_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1478785419&sr=8-1&pi=AC_SX236_SY340_FMwebp_QL65&keywords=weed+bible&dpPl=1&dpID=61Bhi13dw%2BL&ref=plSrch
Such a good site! Very detailed explanations with good quality photos!
I'm new to this so I can't speak as an experienced grower but so far any answer I haven't found on this sub I've found in their site!
I'd also recommend this book:
https://www.amazon.ca/gp/aw/d/187882323X/ref=mp_s_a_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1520290071&sr=8-2&pi=AC_SX236_SY340_FMwebp_QL65&keywords=the+grow+bible
It was recomended to me by a long time grower and I've really enjoyed it. I really enjoy the scientific explanations of why different things effect your grow in different ways. It really helps me understand the concept instead of just regurgitating information I half understand.
Read a book on the subject.
This one?
I'm talking about this one: http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1931160171/
You're thinking of this one:
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/187882323X/
Probably either of them would have the info the OP needs, I haven't read Cervante's though, only watched the DVDs.
Looks good. Keep it up and get yourself a book so you can continue to improve every grow. http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1367611647&sr=8-1&keywords=george+cervantes
Buy or download this book. Then do what they say.
This Did you even try to research this yourself?
Here you go
I'd pick up this book. http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1374591759&sr=8-1&keywords=jorge+cervantes
It's great! Full of more info than you'd ever need.
I was just gunna say google but there are a few books I can think of.
http://www.amazon.com/The-Pot-Book-Complete-Cannabis/dp/1594773688
http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X
This is the book I was referring to (http://www.amazon.ca/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X) .
It will contain the info that your after. Also don't hesitate to try different forums, rollitup.org is a starting point.
Maybe a book?
Here's a link to a book that would help someone learn how to do that, and many other things.
Jorge Cervantes
Well if you have genuine knowledge, I'll cede the point. I'm mostly going off of what I remember from Jorge Cervantes' Grower's Bible. It's been a while, however, and I haven't helped out on a grow in a couple years.
If you are somehow Jorge Cervantes, that'd be sorta awesomely ironic. Mostly I'm just arguing with you because I didn't really like the tone with which you told the other guy he was "wrong." To me (and most of the people I know that smoke) dankness would include smell, flavor, quality of the cure, etc. I currently have some B grade that by purely THC content definition of dankness would be dank as fuck ... But it's not something I nor any of my friends would refer to as "dank."
lol you're not searching enough. http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1342278183&sr=8-1&keywords=weed+growing+bible
http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X
Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible https://www.amazon.com/dp/187882323X/ref=cm_sw_r_sms_apa_i_tpAWDbKAY3J0D
https://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X
This is a real good book, from beginner to expert you'll always find something helpful in here
I'm concerned about this but I'm hoping that having a strong enough exhaust fan at the carbon filter and having the exhaust at the top of each bucket to stop hot air building up it won't be too big a problem. It's not like I live in a tropical climate either which will help. I will run the system with lights for a while before I add plants to try and get it right.
You're not in any way discouraging, if it works I'll post detailed plans with an AMA. I got the idea for a perpetual harvest bucket system from reading this book by Jorge Cervantes although he describes a much larger commercial scale of growing.
Awww I was going for an A+. Oh well as long as you are happy.
Get yourself some books. My favorite references are books from Ask Ed and Jorge Cervantes. Jorge has an awesome DVD set that is really informative and funny. Plus I learned quite a bit from issues of High Times.
I will check back in this subreddit from time to time (I am, of course, using a secondary username). Be careful, have fun with your grow, and always remember the 1st rule - never tell anyone you are a grower.
> Oh, really? Like, what are you going to do when your landlord or other straight people walks in, or comes to the door?
Keep the basement door locked.
>Or when your fellow tenants/neighbours start gossipping about the smell?
Four plants aren't going to generate much odor, but if you are really concerned, you can add a carbon filter to your exhaust system.
As for the rest of your post, look, if you're a fucking idiot, don't attempt to grow pot--in fact--don't attempt much of anything. However, if you are a competent person who can read, understand, and follow the directions in this book, then you are well on your way to successfully growing pot.
Sorry, but your friends sound like fuck-ups and idiots. I went into my first grow when I was 20 years old with zero gardening experience. I bought a book, had a few chats with the guys at the horticulture supply store, and grew some bomb-ass weed.
Also new but am reading this and it has a ton of good info for indoor and outdoor grows.One of the kind people at organics okc directed me to it and so far i have not been overwhelmed by the info Marijuana Horticulture Medical Growers bible by jorge cervantes
A fellow ent posted this link. The Pirate Bay isn't loading right now, but download the Growing Marijuana DVDs by Jorge Cervantes. His book will also give you more information than you'll need for both in-door, and outdoor grows.
I really do agree, I think the LST was a great route for this bucket. She's filling the bucket to the edges, which is a very efficient use of space. Let me know if you have any questions about, I'd be glad to help! /r/spacebuckets and /r/microgrowery communities have also been a tremendous help...as has Jorge Cervantes' Marijuana Horticulture grow bible.
https://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1527689213&sr=8-1&keywords=jorge+cervantes+grow+bible
If you don't know what you are doing I wouldn't spend the money. I had a consultant/friend who literally sold me his old stuff and trained me on how to do it. You know it takes like 4 months from seed to flower and that's 4 months of electric and nutrients before you can even see a return, and if you suck, the crop is shit and you would have been better off spending that money at the dispensary. There's overhead, gear breaks and needs to be replaced. I'm just NOW finally happy with where I am. It's a lot of work and a lot of money, but I turn my entire harvest into wax/live resin/shatter.
You sound like you may hold some misconceptions about growing weed, Id suggest this book for illumination http://www.amazon.com/Marijuana-Horticulture-Outdoor-Medical-Growers/dp/187882323X/ref=sr_1_8?ie=UTF8&qid=1421213075&sr=8-8&keywords=weed+growing
Edit: after reading your edit, Id definitely buy the book. Great for first time growers
Marijuana Horticulture: The Indoor/Outdoor Medical Grower's Bible
Best investment you can make. Study and learn. Find the awnsers instead of asking for them to be givin.