Reddit reviews Philosophy in the Middle Ages: The Christian, Islamic, and Jewish Traditions

The line between philosophy (as we think of it now) and theology around the time of Aquinas was a bit blurred. To understand the 'philosophy' that Aquinas did, however (not his biblical exegesis), I would say that it is best to have an understanding of the platonized Aristotelianism which Aquinas received.

A good anthology/introduction book is: https://www.amazon.com/Philosophy-Middle-Ages-Christian-Traditions/dp/160384208X

EDIT: Verb tense

The only other modern religious thinkers that I’m familiar with are Jewish ones such as:

Abraham Isaac Kook (1865-1935), an orthodox Jewish rabbi, thinker, and Kabbalist, one of the earliest religious Zionists. You may want to check out his work The Lights of Penitence, the Moral Principles, Lights of Holiness, Essays, Letters, and Poems.

Joseph B. Soloveitchik (1903-1993), who was a major Jewish existentialist philosopher and rabbi in the modern orthodox tradition. He wrote some very interesting works such as The Lonely Man of Faith, Halakhic Man, and The Halakhic Mind.

Abraham Joshua Heschel (1907-1972), a Jewish rabbi and theologian who published some works in the Jewish existentialism tradition such as Man Is Not Alone and God in Search of Man.

If you want to read some of the philosophical foundations for Abrahamic religious thought, then I highly recommend the anthology Philosophy in the Middle Ages: The Christian, Islamic, and Jewish Traditions.

Highly recommend this anthology, Dr. Williams is one of my professors and his translations are quite well done.