Reddit reviews The Interpretation of Financial Statements

I think one of the best free resources you can look at for understanding how (your) business can function in a marketplace is Warren Buffett's annual shareholder letters:

http://www.berkshirehathaway.com/letters/letters.html

They are long but he does a great job of distilling difficult concepts into stories and anecdotes that people can understand. His partner at Berkshire Hathaway is the author of Poor Charlie's Almanack that /u/chshox recommended. I also think the Personal MBA (that /u/BestSelf2015 recommended) is a good resource.

To learn about where your business stands personally (as opposed to where it stands in the marketplace) you need to understand financial statements. Those two books that others recommend will help there but I also like the following by Benjamin Graham (who inspired Warren Buffett's investment philosophy):

https://www.amazon.com/Interpretation-Financial-Statements-Benjamin-Graham/dp/0887309135

I think a couple of cold weekend afternoons with that book and a spreadsheet can yield a lot of insights for you. (And if you don't know Excel/Google Sheets you should definitely learn. Not only is it one of the most indispensable tools in the business world but when you start hiring others to do tasks/bookkeeping/etc. you can see their work and avoid fishy situations.)

I wrote a blog post that has a section on small business finance that might help. It is towards the bottom of this:

http://blog.startopz.com/building-a-product-vs-building-a-business/

Depending on where you are in your business I think /u/jacamongo suggestion of finding a mentor is a great idea.

• The Intelligent Investor - Benjamin Graham
  
  
• Security Analysis - Benjamin Graham
  
  
• The Interpretation of Financial Statements - Benjamin Graham
  
  
• Financial Shenanigans: How to Detect Accounting Gimmicks & Fraud in Financial Reports - Howard Schilit
  
  
• Applied Value Investing - Joseph Calandro
  
  
• Analysis for Financial Management - Robert Higgins
  
  
• Margin of Safety - Seth Klarman
  
  
• Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits and Other Writings - Philip Fisher
  
  
• One Up On Wall Street - Peter Lynch
  
  
• Beating The Street - Peter Lynch
  
  
• The Essays of Warren Buffett - Warren Buffett
  
  
• Snowball: Warren Buffett and The Business of Life - Alice Schroeder
  
  
• Buffett Beyond Value - Prem Jain
  
  
• Value Investing: From Graham to Buffett and Beyond - Bruce Greenwald
  
  
• You Can Be A Stock Market Genius - Joel Greenblatt
  
  
• The Little Book That Beats The Market - Joel Greenblatt
  
  
• The Big Secret for the Small Investor: A New Route to Long-Term Investment Success - Joel Greenblatt
  
  
• Reminiscences of a Stock Operator - Edwin Leferve
  
  
• Fooled By Randomness - Nassim Taleb
  
  
• The Black Swan - Nassim Taleb
  
  
• Poor Charlie's Almanack - Charlie Munger
  
  
• Rediscovered Benjamin Graham - Janet Lowe
  
  
• The Theory of Investment Value - John Burr Williams
  
  
• Seeking Wisdom: From Darwin to Munger - Peter Bevelin
  
  
• Security Analysis and Business Valuation on Wall Street - Jeffrey Hooke
  
  
• Value Investing: Tools and Techniques for Intelligent Investment - James Montier
  
  
• Investment Valuation: Tools and Techniques for Determining the Value of Any Asset - Aswath Damodaran
  
  
• The Dark Side of Valuation - Aswath Damodaran
  
  
• Financial Statements: A Step-by-Step Guide to Understanding and Creating Financial Reports - Thomas Ittelson
  
  
• Buyout - Rick Rickertsen
  
  
• Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion - Robert Cialdini
  
  
• Why Smart People Make Big Money Mistakes: Lessons from the New Science of Behavioral Economics - Gary Belsky
  
  
• The Warren Buffett Way - Robert Hagstrom
  
  
• The Most Important Thing - Howard Marks
  
  
• Competition Demystified - Bruce Greenwald
  
  
• Accounting For Value - Stephen Penman
  
  
• Distressed Debt Analysis - Stephen Moyer
  
  
• Bankruptcy Investing - Ben Branch
  
  
• The Vulture Investors - Hilary Rosenberg
  
  
• Creating Value Through Corporate Restructuring - Stuart Gilson
  
  
• Distress Investing - Martin J Whitman
  
  
• The Aggressive Conservative Investor - Martin J Whitman

The Interpretation of Financial Statements