Reddit reviews The Little Book of Value Investing

Do yourself a favor and invest in this

You'll learn a lot of those stocks are just over hyped and over valued.

I am just learning the very basics of stock trading. I started with Why Stocks Go Up and Down, and if I am done with it, I'll try Little Book of Value Investing. Maybe by then I will be able to comprehend The Intelligent Investor. The last one is considered a classic, but also too dense for novices.

Yahoo Finance and SEC.gov are your resources for financial data on publicly traded US companies.

A good starter book is https://www.amazon.com/Little-Book-Value-Investing/dp/0470055898

Then move on to The Intelligent Investor by Benjamin Graham.

To really understand things well enough to pick stocks that beat the market is not easy, and nobody can fully answer #3 in a single comment. But I'll try to start.

Basically, the value of a stock is the sum of all future dividends, discounted for time and risk. (Why invest in something that won't eventually pay you back more than alternatives?)
FB has a high P/E because it still has very high perceived growth potential, and thus people are willing to pay for the potential upside. Essentially the market thinks the company will end up paying out the time-adjusted equivalent of 72x it's current earnings in dividends in it's lifetime If you think it'll be more than that, it's a good investment. If you think less, the stock is too expensive for you. That's where finance comes in.

If you're wondering how a laymen could reliably beat professional analysts at this game, you are thinking correctly.

EDIT: Removed? Why did I write all that shit up for you? GFY.